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Johore Wooden Railway
The Johore Wooden Railway (JWR) ''(Malay: Keretapi Kayu Johor ; Jawi: كريتاڤي كايو جوهر)'' was an early railroad in Johor, Malaya (now Malaysia), which was intended to link Johor Bahru to an unspecified location "18 miles in the direction of Gunong Pulai". The line, which began construction in 1869 and was partially operational as of 1875, utillised wooden tracks, and preceded the first modern railway line operated by Perak Railway between Taiping and Port Weld by at least 10 years. By 1889, the JWR was in disuse.
== History ==
The idea of a railway line in Johor was conceived by then Maharaja of Johor, Abu Bakar, following a visit to England in 1866 where he witnessed some of the England's early railways. The new railway was to connect Johor Bahru, the capital of the Johor Sultanate, to Gunung Pulai away, where a sanatorium and hill resort was planned to be built to capitalise on the location's cooler temperatures. While the line was to later pass estates and plantations, there were no reports of additional stations to be built besides the terminating two in Johor Bahru and Gunung Pulai. A decision was made to use wood for every component of the railway tracks, as such construction had proven to be feasible in the past and abundant sources of quality wood were available close to the site of the railway.
In a July 24, 1869 ''Singapore Daily Times'' article, the railway was reported to have been inaugurated by the Maharaja of Johor "in the presence of a small gathering of Europeans and Natives", and a low-powered Chaplin's contractor's locomotive was utilised in track building. In the years that followed, significant progress was made on track building. By the middle of 1873, of track was completed and a further of track was nearly completed. In 1875, another article indicated of track and sidings were completed with part of the line in use, passing estates and plantations. The deepest cutting was .
The 1875 report was to be the last piece of news on the railway until an article publish in 1889 reported the line was no longer in use for an unspecified time, following a train accident when the railway's locomotive plunged into a hole, as well as damage on the tracks by termites.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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